Dev108498 3159..3164
نویسندگان
چکیده
The HLH transcriptional regulator Id4 exerts important roles in different organs, including the neural compartment, where Id4 loss usually results in early lethality. To explore the role of this basally restricted transcription factor in themammary gland, wegenerated acre-inducible mousemodel.MMTV-orK14-cre-mediateddeletionof Id4 led toadelay in ductal morphogenesis, consistent with previous findings using a germ-line knockout mousemodel. A striking increase in the expression of ERα (Esr1), PR and FoxA1 was observed in both the basal and luminal cellular subsetsof Id4-deficientmammaryglands.Togetherwith chromatin immunoprecipitation of Id4 on the Esr1 and Foxa1 promoter regions, these data imply that Id4 is a negative regulator of the ERα signaling axis. Unexpectedly, examination of the ovaries of targeted mice revealed significantly increased numbers of secondary and antral follicles, and reduced Id4 expression in the granulosa cells. Moreover, expression of the cascade of enzymes that are crucial for estrogen biosynthesis in the ovary was decreased in Id4-deficient females and uterine weights were considerably lower, indicating impaired estrogen production. Thus, compromised ovarian function and decreased circulating estrogen likely contribute to the mammary ductal defects evident in Id4-deficient mice. Collectively, these data identify Id4 as a novel regulator of estrogen signaling, where Id4 restrains ERα expression in the basal and luminal cellular compartments of the mammary gland and regulates estrogen biosynthesis in the ovary.
منابع مشابه
TYC 3159-6-1: a runaway blue supergiant
We report the results of optical spectroscopy of a candidate evolved massive star in the CygnusX region, TYC 3159-6-1, revealed via detection of its curious circumstellar nebula in archival data of the Spitzer Space Telescope. We classify TYC 3159-6-1 as an O9.5−O9.7 Ib star and derive its fundamental parameters by using the stellar atmosphere code FASTWIND. The He and CNO abundances in the pho...
متن کاملWatermarking Techniques for Relational Databases: Survey, Classification and Comparison
Digital watermarking for relational databases emerged as a candidate solution to provide copyright protection, tamper detection, traitor tracing, maintaining integrity of relational data. Many watermarking techniques have been proposed in the literature to address these purposes. In this paper, we survey the current state-of-theart and we classify them according to their intent, the way they ex...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014